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International Journal of
Entomology Research
ARCHIVES
VOL. 11, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Acute toxicity and 96-hour LC₅₀ determination of Isoproturon in the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio (L.)
Authors
Devika Rani H K, Parimala B
Abstract

The present study was carried out to determine the 96-hour LC₅₀ value of the herbicide Isoproturon in the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio. Acute toxicity experiments were conducted following standard APHA procedures, and the LC₅₀ value was calculated using Probit analysis. Healthy fish were acclimatized to laboratory conditions for a period of 30 days before the commencement of the experiment. During acclimatization, suitable water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen were maintained under controlled conditions. A stock solution of Isoproturon was prepared, and different groups of fish were exposed to varying concentrations of the herbicide for 96 hours under semi-static conditions. Throughout the exposure period, several behavioral changes were noticed in the treated fish, including erratic swimming movements, increased mucus secretion, loss of equilibrium, frequent surfacing activity, and reduced feeding behavior. These abnormalities became more prominent with increasing concentration and duration of exposure.

The results revealed that the 96-hour LC₅₀ value of Isoproturon for Cyprinus carpio was found to be 1.65 mg/L, indicating the toxic nature of the herbicide to freshwater fish. Mortality of the fish increased progressively with higher concentrations of the toxicant, showing a clear dose-dependent response. The observed toxic effects suggest that Isoproturon may cause physiological stress and metabolic disturbances in aquatic organisms even at relatively lower concentrations. The findings of the present investigation highlight the potential ecological risk of herbicide contamination in freshwater ecosystems. The study also provides baseline toxicological information that may be useful for future research related to biochemical, physiological, neurotoxic, and genotoxic alterations induced by Isoproturon exposure in aquatic organisms.
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Pages:630-634
How to cite this article:
Devika Rani H K, Parimala B "Acute toxicity and 96-hour LC₅₀ determination of Isoproturon in the freshwater fish <i>Cyprinus carpio </i>(L.)". International Journal of Entomology Research, Vol 11, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 630-634
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