Background: Arboviral disease as Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses pose significant public health challenges in India, primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. While human clinical diagnosis remains standard, early detection in mosquito vectors presents a vital opportunity for proactive outbreak response and targeted vector control. However, India’s current diagnostic framework exhibits several limitations—particularly in arboviral co-infection screening, differential diagnosis, DENV serotyping, and long-term infection tracking—contributing to underreporting and delayed public health interventions.

Objective: This review aims to highlight the need for robust diagnostic strategies for arboviral detection in Aedes mosquitoes. It underscores the importance of integrating enhanced diagnostics into surveillance programs to inform public health policy and response.

Methods: We assessed the diagnostic techniques available for DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV, evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of available tools. Emphasis was placed on diagnostic platforms validated or applicable in the Indian context, considering resource constraints and field applicability.

Results: The review identifies several high-performance diagnostic tools suitable for use in India.